Steering-gear.



110.3%,526. 'PA'I'ENTED DEC. 10, 1907.

. T. J. PAY & J. M. ELLSWORTH.

STEERING GEAR. APPLICATION FILED MAY 10, 1

a sums-sum. 1'.

: WITNESSES I Y NVENTOHS" a! i3 ZT 'Z A TIOHNEYS PATBNTED DEC. 10, 1907. T. J. FAY & J. M. ELLSWORTH.-

STEERING GEAR. APPLIOATION FILED MAY 10, 1907.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

' l y slvron 0mm 45% M z f ATTORNEYS PATENTEDQDEG. 10, 1907 T. J. FAY & J. M BLLSWORTH.

STEERING (EAR.

APPLIUATIOH FILED MAY 18/1907.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

WITNESSES INVENTO/YS momaaff z 4 m W WW A 7'TOHNE rs inn s THOMAS J. FAY, on NEW YORK, N. Y., AND JOHN ELLSWORTH, OF BERNARDSVILLE,

' NEW JERSEY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 10, 1907.

Application filed May 18, 1907. Serial l lo, 374.49%

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, THQMAS J. FAY, a resident of the city of New York, borough of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, and JOHN MAGEE ELLsWonTn,

"a resident of Bernarusville, in the county of Somerset and State of New-Jersey, "both citizens of the United States, have invented a new and Improved Steering-Gear, ofwhich.

the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to certain improvements in steering gears especially adapted for use upon motor vehicles, and relates more particularly to means fortransmitting mo? tion from the steering wheel to the oscillating arm operatively connected by suitable links to the steering knuckles. Our invention re lates more particularly to that type of steering gear in which the steering column is pro.-

vided with a worm intermeshing with a worm ing it impossible to direct the course of the vehicle with any degree of accuracy. It is evident that those portions of the worm and j wornr gear which are in mesh whentl're vehicle is pursuing a 1 substantially straight course, becomes WOIIJ. to a greater extent than do the remaining portions of the Worm and worin' wheel; In-order to bring new surfaces to bear, the position of the worm and worm wheel in respectto' the steering column and the oscillating arm is sometimes adjusted, but this adjustment necessitates the workof an. expertmechanic, in

removing the protecting casing, disasse'm bling the gcaring,n1aking the desired changes in the position of ,the parts, and 1'6S1SS6111', bling to bring the steering-Wheel and the,

tivepositions. I

In our improvedconstruction, the steering column is provided with a .ri'ht-hand and "a left-hand worm,-both of whic transmit mo tion to the'shaft of the oscillatin'g farm, one

oscillating arm in exactly the original relatransmission being'dire-ct to the worm wheel on-said. shaft, and the other being through a Worm wheel upon an auxiliary shaft adjacent and parallel to thefirst mentioned shaft, both-of said shafts being provided-1 Withpin- I shaft.

ions or gear Wheels which inter-mesh. By so H constructing the device, the strain is die I tributed-over a larger surface, and the consequent wear upon any one point is reduced to a corresponding extent, thus eliminating.

to a largedegree the resulting lost motion. A more positive action is obtained during the normal. operation, and even though a worm and a worm wheel or 'a gear'wheel continue to operate' The right hand an'dg should break or loosen, the device would still left-hand worms on the steering column operate simultaneously and counteract 'each' other to eliminate all end thrust on the column and thuspermit of the use of simpler bearings for supporting said column. By

distributing the strain upon the surfaces of two WOIIIIS, it is possible to provide worms of much higher pitch than were thejentirestrain borne by one worm as in the con struction commonly employed. I To permit new-faces of the worms and worin wheels to be brought into engagement,

We construct the steering column in two parts, one of which comprises-that portion raving the worms thereon and extending a short distance out of the casing,"and the other portion comprises the remainder of the column. Themeeting ends of the two por'- tions are provided with flanges adapted to be bolted. together, and the oscillating arm is also provided with a flange, whereby it may be bolted to the flanged end of its 'supportin The bolt holes are equally space V and the number of bolts employed for securing the portions of the steering column to gether, is exactly the sameas or a divisor of the number of the b'oltsemployed to secure theoscillating arm to its shaft. The Worm [wheel and worm are so designed that the steering columnand shaft may rotate through the, same angular distance in.the

same time, or the rates of rotation may be graded to any desired ratio,- it being only j essential that when the arm-sup orting shaft 'is unboltedand rotated throu 1 an angular distancebetween bolt holes, 1; e'lower portion, of the steering column will befrotated through such a distancethat the bolthol'es will come into perfect alinement' and ermit ,of the columnbeingre-bolted' "'thout aving affected the adjustment of the columnin re-' spect to the arm'.' By so constructing. the

device, we are able to bring new andiunworn faces of the Worm and worm wheelintoengagement and thus practically provide new gearing with a'minimum amount of lab6r-.--.

Y All that is 'necess'a is to 'remove the'bolts bywhich the parts 0 the steering column are held together, and remove the bolts by which the oscillating arm is held in place, and by then rotating the arm-supporting shaft within the casing through a portion of a revolu tion equivalent to the distance-between the bolt holes in the flanges, new holes are brought into alinement'at both places. a The parts are then bolted together again and the 1 entire gearing will be found to be in perfect adjustmentm It is entirely unnecessary to remove the gear casing to bring the new faces into operative engagement. No expert ability is required to unbolt and bolt up again the parts, and as the bolt holesareproperly 'spaced, the adjustment of the steering col umn and oscillating arm is not affected.

The invention consists in certain features of construction and combinations of parts, all of which will be fully set forth hereinafter and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures, and in which I Figure 1 is a side elevation of a steering gear'constructed in accordance with our inyention; Fig. 2 is a top plan view, the steering column and casing being shown in section; Fig. 3'is a view taken in a plane parallel to the.steering column, a portion of the easing being broken away; Fig. 4 is aview simi nected to any suitable form of mechanism,-

whereby upon the backward or I forward movement of the arm, the front-wheels of the vehicle are moved to the right or left to guide said vehicle in the desired direction. Gearing forming an important portion of our invention, connects the lower end of the column to the shaft to which the arm is secured, and this gearing is inclosed within a suitable casing to protect the same against injury from contact with dust and foreign bodies.

As illustrated, the steering column is formed of two portions, the lower portion 13 of which extends into the protecting casing and is pro- Vided with two worms 14 and 15, one of which is a right-hand worm and the other a ably of exactly the same pitch. Journaled in the walls of the casing and adjacent the column are rovided two-shafts .16 and 17, both ends'o one of which terminate within the casing, while one end of the other extends outward through the casing and is bolted to the oscillating arm 12. Both of the shafts are driven simultaneously by worm wheels 18 and 19 mounted upon the shafts and in engagement with the two worms 14 and 15; Adjacent the two worm wheels are two interineshing gear wheels 20 and 21 of exactly the same size and keyed or otherwise rigidly secured to the two shafts 16 and 17 By the rotation of the steering column, the two worms 14 and 15 are rotated to rotate the two worm .wheels and the two shafts in oppositedirections, and the, gear wheels 20 and 21 upon these shafts alsocause the two shafts to rotate together and take up the excess of lost motion, should there be a greater amount of. lost motion in the engagement of one of theworms with its worm wheel than in the engagement of the other worm with its worm' wheel.

The shaft 17 is, properly speaking, the driven shaft, as the arm is rigidly secured thereto, and the gearing above described serves to transmit motion from the steering column or driving shaft directly to the driven shaft through the instrumentality of the worm 15 and worm wheel 19, while the motien is indirectly but also positively trans mitted through the worm 14, worm wheel 18, shaft 16, and gears 20 and '2]. in case any one of the worms, worm wheels, or gear wheels should break or loosen, the motion of thesteering column would still be imparted to the ,arm 12, and the operation of the device would not be materially interfered with. The worms may be of any pitch desired, but as illustrated, each worm is provided with twothreads and each worm wheel with fourteen teeth; thus a rotation of the steering column through seven degrees causes a rotation of the arm-supporting shaft 1.7 through one degree. As the worms counteract each other in the production of end thrust, any suitable bearings may be provided fol-the steering column. As shown, the column is .provided with race rings 22 and 23, serving to support rows of balls in engagement with the race rings 21 and 25 mounted in the walls of the casing. The two shafts are similarly supported within ball bearings, whereby the parts may rotate with the greatest freedom.

The casing as illustrated, is made up of a plurality of sections bolted together to thoroughly seal the gears against the admission of dust and dirt. The casing preferably comprises two oppositely disposed sections 26 and 27, each serving to support one end of each of the shafts 16 and 17, and jointly supporting the bearings for the lower portion left-hand worm. and both worms are preferl 13 of the steering column. A cap 28 1s prefand 32 of the steering column.

portions of the worms and worm wheels.

erases erably provided for closing the lowerend of the casing, and a collar 29 surrounds the steering column at the point at which said column enters the casing. For permitting an inspection of the gearing and to permitthe packing of the same with a lubricant, there is provided an inspection opening normally closed by a face plate 30 extending longitudinally of the casing, said plate bein normally held in engagement with the casing by screws or other suitable means.

To permit of the bringing of new faces of the gears into engagement, the steering column is preferably formed of two sections rigidly secured together. As shown, one of these sections comprises the larger portion of the steering column, while the other section comprises that portion lying within the casing. The sections are provided with an nular flanges 31 and 32 bolted together by a plurality of equallyspaced bolts. The shaft 17, which. supports the arm, isproi'ided with an annular flange 33 to which is rigidly bolted the flange 34 of the oscillating arm 22, The bolts by which these two flanges are secured together are equally spaced and are preferably the same in number the bolts required for securing together the flanges 31 Vfhon those which are normally in engagement become worn to any appreciable extent, all that is a necessary to bring new portions into engagement is to unbolt the flanges 31 and 32 and the flanges 33 and 34, and by holding the arm 12 stationary, the. shaft 17 may be rotated to bring each bolt hole of one flange into engagement with the next succeeding bolt-hole of the other flange.

Wlth the worn] and Worm gear proportioned as illustrated in the drawings, and

with each pair-.of flanges secured together by six bolts; a rotation of the shaft 17 through the angular distance of one bolt hole, namely, 60 degrees, rotates the lower portion 13 of the steering column through seven times as great an angular distance; or,

in other words, through one and one-sixtl'i revolutions. As the angular distance between the bolt holes in the flanges 31 and 32 is also 60 degrees, it will be noted that the rotation of the shaft 17 through one-sixth of a revolution, brings the bolt'holesof the flanges 81 and 32 into perfect alinement The parts may be bolted together again and new faces on the worms, worm wheels and gear wheels will be in normal engagement, and the gearing will be fully as efficient when first installed.

It will be noted that to effect this changing of the gear faces, the relative adjustment of the gears is unaffected, the casing is neither opened nor removed, and the relative adjustment of the steering column and arm 12 is not affected in the slightest. Furthermore, the operation above described does not require the services of a skilled mechanician.

Having thus described our invention, We claim new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In combination, an operating member, a movable operated member, gearing con necting said members, and means whereby said gearingmay be rotated to bring new faces thereof normally into mesh independently of said operating and operated mem bers.

2. In combination, an operating member, a movable operated member, gearing connecting said members, said gearing including a worm and a worm wheel, and means whereby said gearing may be rotated to bring new faces thereof normally into mesh independently of said operating and operated members.

8. in combination, an operating member, a movable operated member, gearing connecting said members whereby one may be osciliatcd by the other, and meanspermitting the entire gearing to be moved to bring new surfaces of the gears into mesh without disturbing the normal relationship of the operating and operated members.

4. In combination, an operating member,

a movable o}: eratcd member, gearing connecting said. members, whereby one may be oscillated by the other, said gearing including worm and a wormwheel, andmeans permitting the entire gearing to be moved to bring new s 'rfaees of the gears into mesh without disturbing the normal relationship of the operating and operated 'i'ncinbers.

5. In comhiinttion, a steering column, an oscillating arm, gearing connecting said column to said arm, and means permitting the gearing to be rotated to bring new surfaces into normal engagement without disturbing the relationshipof the column and the arm.

6. in combination, a steering column, an oscillating arm, gearing connecting said col umn and arm, a casing inclosing said gearing, and means outside of the casing for permitting the gearing to be rotated to bring new surfaces of the gears into mesh without disturbing the relationship of the column and arm.

*Z. In combination, a steering column made up of a main. bod v and a separable section, a g 'ing ope! ly connected to said. section, an nun dctachably secured to said gearing, whereby it is oscillated by the rotation of said column, and means permitting.

tion, a gearing operatively connected to said section, said gearing including a worm and a worm wheel, an arm,detachably secured to said gearin whereby it is oscillated by the rotation of said column, and means permitting the gearing and separable section of the column to be rotated to bring new faces of the gears into mesh without disturbing the relationship between the main body of the column and the arm. I I

9. In combination, a steering column, including a main body portion and a separable section, said section and said body portion being provided with flanges adjacent their meeting ends, and said flanges having equally-spaced bolt holes, a worm upon said separable section, a worm shaft carrying a worm wheel in engagement with said worm, and an arm adapted to be connected to said worm shaft, said arm and said shaft being provided with flanges adjacent their meeting surfaces, and said flanges. being provided with equally-spaced bolt holes, the arrange ment being such that the gearing including the separable section of the column, the worm shaft, the worm, and the worm wheel,

I may be detached from the body of said columnand said arm, rotated a predetermined distance to bring new faces of the worm and worm wheel normally into mesh, and rebolted to the body of the column and the arm without affecting the relative positions of the latter.

10. In combination, a steering column, a shaft, an arm carried thereby, means for transmitting rotary motion from said column to said shaft, and independent means for' .oscillatory arm, and means for transmitting motion from said column'to said arm, said -means including two shafts rotatable in opposlte directions, means whereby both of said shafts receive motion from said column, and means whereby both of said shafts transmit motion to said arm.

12. In combination, an operating member,

rectcd threads whereby end t 1 shaft, an arnfcarried a movable operated member, gearing for said gearings including a worm and a worm wheel, both of said worms being carried'by the same member and havingroppositely-dk last-mentioned member is climinat 13. In combination, a steering column and a shaft, the former comprising an operating member and the latter comprising an operated member, two worms upon one of said members and having 0 positely-directed threads, and worm whee s in engagement with said worms, said pairs of worms and worm wheels serving to transmit motion to said shaft inde endently of each other.

14. In com inationfan o erating member, a movable operated mem er, gearing for transmitting motion from the former to the latter, and. auxiliary gearing for inde )end ently transmitting'said'motion, each ol said gearings including a worm and a worm wheel, said worms being carried by said 0 crating member and having op ositely irected threads, whereby end t ust upon said operating member is eliminated.

15. In' combination, a steering column, two worms carried thereby and having oppositely directed threads, worm wheels in engagement with said worms, an arm, and means whereby motion is imparted to said arm independently by each of said worm wheels.

16. In combination, a steering column, a thereby, an auxiliary shaft substantially parallel to the first mentioned shaft, independent .sets of worms and worm wheels for transmitting motion from said column to said shafts, and intermeshing gear wheels carried by said shafts.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EVERARD B. MARSHALL, CLAIR W. FAIRBANK.

ust udpon said 

